Why is marriage a sacrament. The following is from the Catechism (no.

Why is marriage a sacrament From that day forward, every day for the rest of their married lives, God provides a constant and uninterrupted flow of grace to help their love grow, intensify and He made marriage a sacrament, the sacrament of Matrimony among Christians. The Sacrament of Marriage is a covenant, which is more than a contract. And if one spouse cannot receive the sacrament, the other spouse—even if he/she is baptized—does not receive it either. Hindu marriage is a religious sacrament, according to R. God created man and woman out of love and calls them to love. The same can be said about how marriage came to be named one of the seven sacraments of the church. Why is this? It seems that many other sacraments enact eternal changes: baptism, ordination, and confirmation eternally change the recipient; consecrating the Eucharist eternally changes the host into the May 10, 2020 · A Hindu marriage is considered a religious sacrament mainly because only when religious rites are done it would mean a valid and complete marriage. God promised to be faithful to the people of the earth, to love them and provide for them, and that it would be an “everlasting covenant” (Gn 9:16): perpetual, permanent and binding By the 4th century marriage liturgies were celebrated; by the 5th century, these were held in the church, though marriages were still under state jurisdiction. Recently on Go Ask Your Father™ , Father John Paul Erickson explained what makes marriage a sacrament, and why it is so important to the life of the Church. Leaders from Baptist, Unite By the 4th century marriage liturgies were celebrated; by the 5th century, these were held in the church, though marriages were still under state jurisdiction. 1648 It can seem difficult, even impossible, to bind oneself for life to another human being. . Marriage is a sacrament because Christ raised it to the dignity of a covenant between baptized spouses. What are the 7 sacraments before marriage? The seven sacraments are Baptism, Eucharist, Confirmation, Reconciliation, Anointing of the Sick, Marriage, and Holy Orders. May 3, 2021 · Pope St. This perspective places a strong emphasis on the spiritual significance of marriage, viewing it as a reflection of the relationship between Christ and the Baptism is the gateway to the life of the Sacraments and, therefore, enables marriage to share in this sacramental grace. The ultimate end (or purpose) for all humans is the beatific vision. It is also seen by many as a public statement about God, because the Jun 12, 2018 · And the reason a Catholic marriage looks different than a civil marriage is because it is different. Marriage, like all the sacraments, is a ladder to heaven. Sacramental marriage is an avenue for being in union with this end. The words ‘ till death us do part’ are not a special religious ideal; they describe the form of relationship that God has given to human beings as a natural endowment. The Sacrament of Marriage was not only instituted by God through the creation of Woman as Man’s helper and re-instituted by Jesus but has the main task of brining into the world God’s children. Joseph Bolin Categories marriage , states of life Tags celibacy , virginity Aug 13, 2024 · Marriage, a profound commitment between two individuals, holds a special place in many religious traditions as a sacrament. In Christian theology, a sacrament is a visible sign of God’s invisible grace, a tangible manifestation of divine presence in the lives of believers. References to this “mystical marriage” run through the Hebrew Scriptures. May 2, 2019 · While few Christians outside of the Catholic and Orthodox Churches regard marriage as a sacrament, the Catholic Church insists that marriage between any two baptized Christians, as long as it is entered into with the intention to contract a true marriage, is a sacrament. 18. " Apr 16, 2024 · Is marriage a religious sacrament? God’s love makes life, and human love makes marriage. 4 days ago · As a sacrament, marriage gives people the supernatural strength necessary to “fight the good fight. N Sharma. Marriage is a sacred covenant between each spouse with each other and with God. CK: … Because it’s not just saying Christian marriage is the particular good, it’s saying that natural marriage, there is such a great good to it, it has to be defended. Jul 3, 2013 · Sacramental marriage externally looks just like civil marriage, but the internal reality is far different. It is a sacred union between a man and a woman, reflecting the love and unity of Christ and the Church. It devoted some nine chapters and 15 canons on sin and penance. Marriage is a sacrament in the Catholic church, but it is also church teaching that the bond of marriage dissolves when one participant dies. Marriage as a Christian Sacrament Although marriage remains a blessing from God, Original Sin has had grave consequences for married life. St. "Marriage", in the words of an ancient philosopher, "is a world made beautiful by hope, and strengthened by misfortune". FHB: Well, natural marriage is naturally indissolvable just like sacramental marriage. " It is not hard to understand why Jesus made marriage a sacrament—the sacrament of Matrimony. Between two baptized persons, marriage as an institution willed by God the Creator cannot be separated from marriage the sacrament, because the sacramental nature of marriage between the baptized is not an accidental element that could be or could just as well not be, but is rather so tied into the essence of it as to be inseparable from it. The Church teaches that a valid marriage between the baptized is a sacrament through which the married couple can receive special grace. A Lutheran wedding between two baptized protestants A valid marriage between two otherwise unimpeded persons, one or both of whom is not baptized, is called a Natural Marriage. … Catholic Christians believe that God is present at the marriage ceremony and witnesses the promises made before him. Indissoluble Unity. The sacramental view of marriage calls not only for a celebration of a one-time event but for an ongoing lived reality. It is therefore appropriate that it should be celebrated in the public liturgy of the Church; - Marriage Marriage (matrimony) is a sacrament in which a man and a woman unite themselves in a covenant relationship with God. Now, more than ever, it is important to understand what marriage is a sacramental sign of, because our culture is quickly forgetting what marriage is; and, should we forget what marriage is, and what it is a sign of, we will forget what it means to be human and we Difference between the sacrament of marriage and the other sacraments. 849, which notes that baptism is the “gateway to the sacraments”). Rooted in the belief that it is a sacred bond, marriage signifies a spiritual union blessed by a higher power. A Sacrament is a visible form of an invisible grace, it’s a mystery, an open door through which mankind passes from the realm of the physical and earthly, into the reality of the May 27, 1996 · Therefore, both the riches of marriage and the sacrament of marriage, and the decisive importance of the engagement period—which today is often extended for years (with the various kinds of difficulties that this implies), are reasons which call for the particular solidity of this formation. As a break with God, it ruptured the original communion between man and woman. Luther saw marriage as a civil contract blessed by God. Oct 31, 2024 · The marriage of a Catholic to a non-baptized person is always non-sacramental by definition, because baptism is necessary before a person can receive any of the other sacraments (cf. Nov 29, 2024 · Sacrament - Marriage, Vows, Rituals: In the Roman Catholic Church the institution of matrimony was raised to the level of a sacrament because it was assigned a divine origin and made an indissoluble union typifying the union of Christ with his church as his mystical body (Matt. ). Why did the Protestant reformers accept marriage as a sacrament? The church said that Christian marriage is sacred. He recommended that ministers pose questions to the couple at the Church door and that they there make their promises. 40). This is despite the fact that teachings on marriage are found throughout the New Testament and some talk of the holiness and sacredness of marriage by the fathers. Living Out the Sacrament of Marriage. Reynolds' "How Marriage Became One of the Sacraments: The Sacramental Theology of Marriage from Its Medieval Origins to the Council of Trent" explores the sacramental theology of marriage from its medieval origins to the Council of Trent. Christian Marriage is a sacrament that orders the husband and wife to serve one another. The following is from the Catechism (no. The Catechism of the Catholic Church says “Christian spouses are fortified and, as it were, consecrated for the duties and dignity of their state” [2] by the QUESTION: Why is marriage not considered a sacrament in the United Methodist Church? Q&A with Liturgy Man is a series of 3-5 minute videos in which Taylor Burton-Edwards answers questions about United Methodist Worship that he receives in a variety of ways from United Methodists around the connection. In 1184, Pope Lucius III defined marriage as a Sacrament. In fact, the sacrament of Marriage has great value for the whole Christian community and, in the first place, for the spouses whose decision is such that it cannot be improvised or made hastily. - Sacrament: made a promise to God and shows marriage is sacred - SANCTITY OF MARRIAGE Gift from God: part of God's plan for men and women to live together - Provides security and a stable environment for children to be raised as Christians - 'One flesh' join man and woman Paul teaches that marriage is a pre-eminent symbol (or sacrament) of the covenant which Christ has with his people. This is why marriage is a sacrament. Jesus healed this rupture when he raised marriage to the dignity of a sacrament. Sacramental marriage belongs to the order of grace, it is taken up into the definitive communion of love between Christ and his Church. Let's dive deeper into what this means and why it is so significant in the Catholic faith. It is not a sacrament but is the kind of marriage that has existed since Eve and Adam. John Paul II wrote, “The sacrament of Matrimony has this specific element that distinguishes it from all the other sacraments: it is the sacrament of something that was part of the very Jun 18, 2024 · Roman Catholics believe that marriage is a sacrament This is why a Catholic marriage can never be ‘broken’ in the eyes of the Church because once God has given his blessing He cannot take it away. The call to marriage is a particular way of living the universal call to holiness given to every Christian in the Sacrament of Baptism. Second, marriage was not identified as a sacrament by the Church until the 12th century. 1. If marriage is secularized or regarded as a purely natural reality, its sacramental character is obscured. He is the “third partner,” so to speak, in the committed, human love relationship of marriage. If one party to the marriage is not baptized, he/she is thus unable to receive the Nov 8, 2024 · Marriage also gives you another soul to consider your own. [3] The sacrament of marriage is thus not merely a religious act sanctifying a human one, it is a seed sown in the soul and bearing fruit through the whole of married life, giving life to all its acts Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like What is God's plan for marriage?, What is the definition of the Sacrament of Matrimony? Choose two key elements from this definition and explain why each is important in Christian Marriage. 1621 In the Latin Rite the celebration of marriage between two Catholic faithful normally takes place during Holy Mass, because of the connection of all the sacraments with the Paschal mystery of Christ. This is the case when marriage takes place between two Catholics, a Catholic and a non-Catholic Christian, or two non Apr 13, 2016 · “The sanctity of the sacrament is of more importance than the fecundity of the womb. Note that there is nothing necessarily wrong with a Catholic having a non-sacramental marriage. Mary’s Church Chapel Lane, Grotto Entrance, 1st Floor, 68 Berry Street, Belfast BT11FJ The reason why marriage was not expressly and formally included among the sacraments earlier and the denial of it branded as heresy, is to be found in the historical development of the doctrine regarding the sacraments; but the fact itself may be traced to Apostolic times. The Sacrament of Marriage is one of the two Sacrament in the Service of the community, the other being the Sacrament of Holy Orders. Marriage as a Sacrament: When both persons are baptized, their marriage is automatically a sacrament. You will have someone to hold when you get low; you will have someone to eat dinner with and even watch movies together. And in God’s Providence, the Sacrament of Marriage is indispensable to the continued growth of the Church. Some might be sur-prised to learn that it took the Catholic Church close to a millennium and a half to give marriage what, I would say, was its due. As a sacrament, marriage has its source in the Eucharist. Most Catholics marry, but too few understand that marriage is a sacrament to be lived. Jan 26, 2018 · The sacrament of marriage is a gift to build up the people of God, not merely by the wonder of bringing children into the world but by fostering Christian families in a ministry of life and love St. "[123] It is therefore appropriate for the Jun 14, 2011 · Since all of the sacraments pertain to the dispensation of God's grace in time and history, it is thus more fitting for marriage to be a sacrament than for consecrated virginity to be one. must be, per se, valid, worthy, and fruitful. 5:27–32; Mark 10:2–12; Luke 16:18; I Cor. The sacrament of Christian marriage involves their entire life as they journey together through the ups and downs of marriage and become more able to give to and receive from each other. Even those who believe marriage can be a sacrament, generally do not believe it is always so. All valid marriages between Catholics are sacramental because you can’t be Catholic without being baptized. This sacred status elevates the significance and purpose of marriage, highlighting its ability to not only unite couples but also serve as a vehicle for personal Marriage, also known as matrimony, is a sacrament in the Catholic Church; it is the union of one male to one female in order to come closer to God and is the appropriate venue in which to bear children. Marriage in the Catholic Church, also known as holy matrimony, is the "covenant by which a man and woman establish between themselves a partnership of the whole of life and which is ordered by its nature to the good of the spouses and the procreation and education of offspring", and which "has been raised by Christ the Lord to the dignity of a sacrament between the baptized". Sacrament of marriage Nov 11, 2015 · The Catechism of Trent explains that marriage’s “indissolubility arises principally from its nature as a Sacrament, as it is the sacramental character that, in all its natural relations, elevates marriage to the highest perfection. This sacred union reflects the union of two souls, an expression of love, commitment, and mutual respect. (Please see our Faith Fact Marriage in God's Plan – Discovering the Power of Marital Love). Nov 2, 2024 · For those Protestant denominations that do consider marriage a sacrament, the understanding is often rooted in the belief that marriage is a sacred covenant between a man, a woman, and God. It is a joyful time to celebrate, and because it is a sacrament of the Church, it should be entered into with great reverence, discernment and preparation. Initially, God seals the bond of love between the bride and the groom when they exchange their promises (Mk 10:9a). A sacramental marriage, however, is more than a natural bond. Just as steel is fashioned in a furnace, just so is a person proved in marriage, in the fire of difficulties. Sacramental marriage rests on what I call the four pillars that give it definition: Faith-filled: It is a union between a baptized man and a baptized woman; Feb 13, 2024 · Now, more than ever, it is important to understand why marriage is a sacrament. Through the sacrament, the indissolubility of marriage receives a new and deeper meaning. Aug 6, 2018 · The seven sacraments are the signs and instruments by which the Holy Spirit spreads the grace of Christ the head throughout the Church which is his Body” (CCC 774). It is the “primordial” Sacrament being created by God (see Genesis 1 and 2). By embracing marriage as a sacrament, couples recognize that their union is not just a social contract but a spiritual covenant ordained by God. As a sacrament, marriage gives us grace to live the vows made at the altar. This is because marriage is a commitment by which spouses pledge to each other all aspects of their lives “until death do us part. The Celebration of Marriage. com The reason why marriage was not expressly and formally included among the sacraments earlier and the denial of it branded as heresy, is to be found in the historical development of the doctrine regarding the sacraments; but the fact itself may be traced to Apostolic times. Marriage is one of the most significant and transformative sacraments in the Catholic Church. , How did the idea of the unity and indissolubility of marriage gradually develop in the Law of Moses, the teachings of the prophets, and Oct 11, 2007 · And that's why sadness is a necessary feature of marriage. [1] Jun 4, 2023 · According to the Hindu Marriage Act of 1955, marriage is regarded as a sacrament with a solemn pledge and is not a contract that is only entered into by the actual execution of a marriage. By its very nature it is ordered to the good of the couple, as well as to the generation and education of children. Jan 17, 2020 · Sacramental Marriage In the last post, we discussed marriage as a natural institution. To the other extreme, we find that the ramifications of the Protestant (not Lutheran) Reformation have resulted in a view of marriage just as extreme as the Catholic Church, issued by the Massachusetts Supreme Court. Their life becomes sacramental to the extent that the couple cooperates with God’s action in their life and sees themselves as living “in Christ” and May 25, 2020 · But this is also why the Church defends marriage in the public sphere-FHB: Exactly. Jul 19, 2022 · Challenges and Controversies Surrounding Marriage as a Sacrament in the Lutheran Church. Nov 6, 2014 · If one party to the marriage is not baptized, he/she is thus unable to receive the sacrament of marriage. The Second Vatican Council also dwelled on the sacrament, emphasizing its healing nature. 7:2, 10; Eph. In light of this The Church takes marriage very seriously because it allows a man and a woman to reveal to all around them something of the mystery of God. Marriage is universal, and a gift of God to all mankind. ” Every victory achieved together over habit, routine, and boredom cements the bonds existing The Catholic Church teaches that a married couple’s relationship expresses in a unique way the unbreakable bond of love between Christ and his people, and, therefore, marriage is a sacrament. Matrimony is defined as "the sacrament by which a baptized man and a baptized woman bind themselves for life in a lawful marriage and receive the grace to discharge their duties. Sep 21, 2020 · Like all the sacraments, the sacrament of marriage is important, yet it is also unique as the most common vocation. He said: “First of all, the Church recognizes that marriage itself is a good. ) first called marriage a sacrament with three “goods”: offspring, fidelity, and the sacrament itself. But marriage is the cornerstone of the family. Feb 13, 2024 · Now, more than ever, it is important to understand why marriage is a sacrament. That answers why is marriage important and why it’s the most sacred bond. Oct 13, 2012 · Marriage is and has been a universal practice for almost every civilized culture throughout history, yet it is considered to be a Sacrament in the Orthodox Church. These texts guided the early Church toward a deeper understanding of marriage as a Christian sacrament, notably that the permanent bond 2 days ago · 1622 "Inasmuch as it is a sacramental action of sanctification, the liturgical celebration of marriage . It comes about through a promise made by a man and a woman before God and the Church, which is accepted and confirmed by God. Feb 18, 2017 · Unlike the other sacraments, in which Jesus touches our life at a specific time or situation, marriage celebrates Jesus’ involvement in human love for the duration of the marriage. What’s awesome about the sacrament of marriage, is that it differs from the other six sacraments in that it existed before the inauguration of the New Covenant. Paul even taught (Ephesians 5:21-33) on the mystery of the relationship between the members of the Church and Christ the bridegroom as analogous to the relationship between husband and wife in the sacrament of Marriage. In marriage a man and woman become one flesh. It invites couples to continually draw on the grace of the sacrament in their daily lives together, enabling them to witness to the love of God through their commitment to each other. Saint Augustine of Hippo (4th cent. Understanding this sacrament and its… Accord Northern Ireland Catholic Marriage Care Service Cana House, St. It not only unites two people in a bond of love and commitment but also presents a spiritual journey, a call to holiness, and a participation in God’s plan for humanity. Feb 14, 2022 · The Church recognizes natural marriage as valid, presuming the spouses marry freely, intend marriage as an exclusive and permanent bond, and do not exclude the possibility of children. 1660 The marriage covenant, by which a man and a woman form with each other an intimate communion of life and love, has been founded and endowed with its own special laws by the Creator. We explained how marriage is rooted in human nature—meaning that marriage is not a purely conventional, political, or social institution, but a natural one; one that human beings are made for. The marriage covenant refers to the relationship between the husband and wife, a permanent union of persons capable of knowing and loving each other and God. ” Nov 13, 2022 · Marriage is a sacrament, and can only be validly celebrated by two baptized individuals of the opposite sex who are both eligible to marry. ” (All quotes from “The Good of Marriage/De bono coniugali,” in Treatises on Marriage and Other Subjects May 10, 2024 · The church has taught that sexual love should lead to new life. 1642): 1631 This is the reason why the Church normally requires that the faithful contract marriage according to the ecclesiastical form. [1] In today’s post, we are going to build upon our discussion […] The Second Vatican Council teaches that “all Christians in whatever state or walk of life are called to the fullness of Christian life and to the perfection of charity” (Constitution on the Church, n. During the Protestant Reformation there was an effort to "purify" the Church of practices, doctrines, and rituals that were thought to be departures from the clear teachings and traditions of the Bible. c. Marriage is an image of God’s unconditional love and covenant with His Church. Apr 7, 2007 · The sacraments are a way Christ is present to us. John Paul II sees marriage as a vocation which incorporates grace that heals and elevates. Several reasons converge to explain this requirement: 132 - Sacramental marriage is a liturgical act. HISTORY OF MARRIAGE SACRAMENT Every great idea, just like every person, has a history. Now, more than ever, it is important to understand what marriage is a sacramental sign of, because our culture is quickly forgetting what marriage is; and, should we forget what marriage is, and what it is a sign of, we will forget what it means to be human and we Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like What is a sacrament, and why is marriage a sacrament?, What is the matter of sacramental marriage?, What is the form of sacramental marriage? and more. See full list on marriage. 5:23ff. Christians, the sacrament of marriage is a public sign that an individual is giving themselves totally to another person. Jun 10, 2014 · Recently, well meaning Episcopal clergy and lay leaders have been urging the church to “extend the sacrament of marriage” to lesbian and gay Episcopalians, moving beyond the blessing of same-sex unions that was approved at the last General Assembly of the church in 2012. While some believe that marriage should be a sacrament due to its sacred and spiritual nature, others argue that the 1601 "The matrimonial covenant, by which a man and a woman establish between themselves a partnership of the whole of life, is by its nature ordered toward the good of the spouses and the procreation and education of offspring; this covenant between baptized persons has been raised by Christ the Lord to the dignity of a sacrament. The sacrament protects and fosters the purposes of marriage: the good of the couple, the generation and education of children, and the fruitfulness of charity. INTRODUCTION. Covenant always expresses a relationship between persons. For much of the early Church, marriage was not formally a Sacrament, but considered a social institution. Dec 20, 2024 · Marriage is often considered a sacrament due to its profound spiritual significance across cultures and religions. Contents show […] Marriage is a gift of God in creation; and the marriage of unbelievers is as real, and often as enduring, as the marriage of believers. 120 In the Eucharist the memorial of the New Covenant is realized, the New Covenant in which Christ has united himself for ever to the Church, his beloved Marriage is the only sacrament that the bride and the groom mutually administer to themselves. Like the other six sacraments of the Church, marriage is a sign or symbol which reveals the Lord Jesus and through which his divine life and love are To this day, the Catholic Church claims that marriage is a sacrament and people without the sacrament of marriage are living in sin. Families form the foundation of human society. Jul 7, 2022 · What happens during sacrament of marriage? For Catholic Christians, the sacrament of marriage is a public sign that an individual is giving themselves totally to another person . If that ladder is broken how will one get to heaven? A valid marriage can no more be dissolved, therefore, than the bread and wine after Dec 7, 2021 · I just mention marriage by way of an example that illustrates Luther's principle upon which he based whether an institution should be a sacrament or not. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like What is the Sacrament of Marriage?, After a couple receives the SoM, what is the new way they are made part of the Paschal Mystery?, Why is the Sacrament of Marriage indissoluble? and more. Preparation for marriage, for married and family life, is of great importance for the good of the Church. God’s love makes life, and human love in marriage does the same. Matrimony is a celebration of a lifelong commitment of faithful love. Marriage in the Lutheran Church is often a topic of debate and discussion, particularly concerning whether it is considered a sacrament. God entered a pact with every living being through Noah after the flood (Gn 9:8-17). The Meaning of Sacrament in the Context of Marriage. Two other details worth pointing out: (1) Luther strove to get back to what Christ instituted (whereas Catholicism had, over the centuries, enlarged on the initially biblical basis for a few). Oct 23, 2013 · Marriage can be understood and lived as a sacrament only in the context of the mystery of Christ. From all that has been said, it is clear that while marriage, inasmuch as it is an outward sign of grace and also produces interior grace, has the nature common to all the sacraments, still, viewed as an external sign, it is unique and very different from the other sacraments. Living together in marriage is not the only way in which people love one another, but marriage is certainly the supreme example of human love. That’s why marriage is sacred. A couple’s love is also God’s love. FOR THE SACRAMENT OF MARRIAGE . Knowing that they Aug 9, 2021 · The sacrament of marriage is a covenant between a husband and wife patterned on the covenant between God and the human race. Yet many, if not most, arguments against sacramental marriage tacitly follow an outline set forward by Luther and Calvin which, if examined with critical scrutiny, is based on a problematic soteriological premise. However, a valid marriage between a Catholic and a baptized non-Catholic is sacramental, while a valid marriage between a Catholic and a non-baptized person is not. Nov 4, 2021 · The sacrament of marriage is a rich source of God’s grace. Posted on June 14, 2011 Author Fr. When marriage occurs between two baptized persons, it is sacramental. Why is this sacrament known by so many names? 5. This person is your everything; you are best friends, lovers, and even crime partners. Mar 23, 2024 · Philip L. In the Sacrament of Matrimony, a man and a woman are united in such a way that they become one flesh, each belonging to one another. Jan 31, 2021 · All other Sacraments were instituted by Christ, whereas marriage was elevated by Christ to a Sacrament. The Sacrament of Jan 30, 2025 · But it was the Council of Trent, Italy, in the mid-16th century that really made extensive clarifications to the sacrament. Saptapadi, home, panigrahana are to be performed by a Brahmin with Agni Devata taking cognizance of the rites. A valid marriage between two baptized persons, whether they are Catholic or Orthodox or Protestant or even lapsed, is always a Feb 2, 2018 · Protestant theology has historically rejected marriage as sacrament, a rejection which continues to resound in the majority of contemporary Protestant scholarship. All Christians believe that the marriage vows are sacred and form a binding contract and are intended for life Feb 28, 2022 · Marriage is indeed considered a sacrament in the Catholic Church. . II. ” When Christ answered the Pharisees, He was reasserting the divinely instituted ideal of marriage to what Even pre-Christian marriage acted as a quasi-sacrament in that it faintly symbolized God’s permanent “marital bond” with Israel. pedtx ggcd clqyihcx lcgmci rcxz onp aqbuz wbxpb fxb kttv flcqcesb ppbas uepdxpru nrnl dfrl